A Close Encounter Without Risk
Asteroid 2025 FA22, a large space rock measuring between 130 and 290 meters across, is set to pass by Earth on 18 September. The flyby will occur safely at a distance just over twice that of the Moon, offering no threat of impact. The asteroid was first detected in March by the Pan-STARRS 2 telescope, and initial orbital calculations briefly raised concerns about a possible collision with Earth in 2089. Follow-up observations have since ruled out any chance of impact.
From Risk List to Research Opportunity
When its trajectory was first analyzed, 2025 FA22 topped the European Space Agency’s risk list due to its size and a small but uncertain probability of impact. However, refined tracking confirmed it poses no danger. Instead, the asteroid now presents astronomers with a valuable opportunity for close observation. Similar to earlier events, such as the flyby of asteroid 2024 YR4, the upcoming encounter will be studied in detail to expand scientific knowledge.
Coordinated Global Campaign
The International Asteroid Warning Network (IAWN) has launched a campaign to study the asteroid during its approach, which will continue through October. The project aims to test the network’s ability to measure the orbit and physical characteristics of a large asteroid while strengthening international collaboration. The European Space Agency’s Near-Earth Object Coordination Centre will be heavily involved, gathering data on the asteroid’s movement and surface features.
Astronomers will conduct astrometry—precise measurements of its position and speed—and polarimetry to understand how sunlight reflects off its surface. These studies could reveal details about the asteroid’s composition and texture, key information for developing potential deflection strategies if a future asteroid is ever found to be on a collision course with Earth.
Public Access and Broader Implications
While the asteroid poses no threat, public interest in near-Earth objects remains high. To meet this demand, the Virtual Telescope Project will livestream the asteroid’s passage. Such initiatives make planetary defense research more accessible while highlighting the importance of continued monitoring.
The close pass of 2025 FA22 underscores how advancements in observation technology and international coordination are strengthening our ability to track, study and understand potentially hazardous objects. Though harmless, the asteroid represents both a reminder of the risks posed by near-Earth objects and a valuable opportunity to prepare for the future.